Founded in 1996, The Korean Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (KSBMT) was formerly known as the Korea Research Council of Bone Marrow Transplantation. The Council's inaugural scientific meeting took place on February 6, 1991, with the participation of 16 members. Monthly roundtable meetings were subsequently held by the Council to present and exchange clinical experiences among its members, contributing significantly to the development of bone marrow transplantation in Korea. The Council played a crucial role in ensuring the coverage of bone marrow transplantation by national health insurance, starting from October 1992.

Recognizing the need to establish a society to increase the number of hospitals performing bone marrow transplantation, expand membership, and advocate for the emerging discipline of stem cell transplantation, around 130 members gathered in the spring of 1996 to form the KSBMT.

Since its establishment, the Society has organized regular biannual symposia, significantly contributing to the advancement of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Korea. Furthermore, the Society continues to actively promote academic exchanges among its members.